Table Of Content
Mary was declared queen to great acclaim; she was originally very popular even with the Protestants. But a policy of religious persecution, a hated marriage with Philip of Spain, and bad agricultural conditions (as well as the debt she had inherited from her father and brother) soon made Mary broken-hearted and disliked. Young girls were expected to train at home with their mothers in needlepoint, cooking, cleaning, and caring for children. However, people began to think that women should be given the right to education, even if just in reading and writing. As a result, by the start of the 16th century, girls attended local schools along with their male peers.
The English Monarchy: Henry VIII & His Heirs
By the time Henry died in 1547 there was very little left in the royal treasury. Henry Tudor took the crown of England as Henry VII, starting the Tudor dynasty. A great victory over Scotland early in his reign (1513) was most notable; the attendant confusion of its northern neighbor was beneficial for England.
Elizabeth I’s Rocky Road to the Crown
However, the Holy See was reluctant to rescind the earlier papal dispensation and felt heavy pressure from Catherine's nephew, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, in support of his aunt. Wolsey fell from favour in 1529 as a result of his failure to procure the annulment, and Henry appointed Thomas Cromwell in his place as chief minister c. The most popular symbol of the house of Tudor was the Tudor rose (see top of page).
Marriage
By the time Henry conducted another Protestant marriage with his final wife Catherine Parr in 1543, the old Roman Catholic advisers, including the powerful third Duke of Norfolk, had lost all their power and influence. The duke himself was still a committed Catholic, and he was nearly persuaded to arrest Catherine for preaching Lutheran doctrines to Henry while she attended his ill health. However, she managed to reconcile with the King after vowing that she had only argued about religion with him to take his mind off the suffering caused by his ulcerous leg. Her peacemaking also helped reconcile Henry with his daughters Mary and Elizabeth and fostered a good relationship between her and the crown prince.
Bursts of hot pink and apple green energize Steven Cordrey’s design for the home’s veranda. Hand-beaded light fixtures illuminate the seating areas, which feature tables and chairs from Janus et Cie’s Amalfi Coast outdoor collection. He had a doctorate in history and trained as a solicitor before becoming a full-time writer. Published in 2003, the book's combination of intriguing detective story and convincing historical details won Sansom critical acclaim and many fans, and he went on to release six more novels featuring Shardlake.
His victory at the Battle of Bosworth Field was reinforced by his marriage to Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV, symbolically uniting the former warring factions under a new dynasty. The Tudors extended their power beyond modern England, achieving the full union of England and the Principality of Wales in 1542 (Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542), and successfully asserting English authority over the Kingdom of Ireland. They also maintained the nominal English claim to the Kingdom of France; although none of them made substance of it, Henry VIII fought wars with France trying to reclaim that title. After him, his daughter Mary I lost control of all territory in France permanently with the fall of Calais in 1558. In total, five Tudor monarchs ruled their domains for just over a century.
Regarding entertainment, tennis, jousting, and football were popular sports. Poor people gambled with dice, and it was not uncommon for the gentry to use chess and cards. The educationalist Richard Mulcaster, addressing the issue in the 1580s, was quick to assure his readers that he would speak of boys’ education first since “naturally the male is more worthy.” Boys were sent from nursery to grammar school. Aside from her devout Catholic views, her persecution of Protestants, or ‘heretics,’ resulted in her becoming widely unpopular with much of the gentry and public. Throughout her rule, Mary had over 300 religious dissenters burned at the stake in what is known as the Marian persecutions. To the Tudor period belongs the elevation of the English-ruled state in Ireland from a Lordship to a Kingdom (1541).
Rebellions against the Tudors
The plot, masterminded by Roberto di Ridolfi, was discovered and Norfolk was beheaded. The next major uprising was in 1601, when Robert Devereux, the second Earl of Essex, attempted to raise the city of London against Elizabeth's government. The city of London proved unwilling to rebel; Essex and most of his co-rebels were executed.
Henry VIII (r. 1509–1547) was the only son of Henry VII to live to the age of maturity, and he proved a dominant ruler. Issues around royal succession (including marriage and the succession rights of women) became major political themes during the Tudor era, as did the English Reformation in religion, impacting the future of the Crown. Elizabeth I was the longest serving Tudor monarch at 44 years, and her reign known as the Elizabethan Era provided a period of stability after the short, troubled reigns of her siblings. When Elizabeth I died childless, her cousin of the Scottish House of Stuart succeeded her, in the Union of the Crowns of 24 March 1603. The first Stuart to become King of England (r. 1603–1625), James VI and I, was a great-grandson of Henry VII's daughter Margaret Tudor, who in 1503 had married James IV of Scotland in accordance with the 1502 Treaty of Perpetual Peace.
Where would we be without those energetic civic boosters that built Los Angeles? The prolific Charles Fletcher Lummis founded the Southwest Museum, was an editor at the Los Angeles Times, and still managed to design this house (the name of which means “the Sycamore” in Spanish) on the banks of the Arroyo Seco. Its exterior is made almost entirely from river rock and the interior is heavily influenced by Pueblo Indian dwellings. Fans of today’s DIY movement will appreciate the rustic Craftsman charm of this home, which is furnished with hand-crafted wood pieces; it’s interesting to see how closely modern-day bohemian design mirrors that of Lummis House. The Historical Society of Southern California is now headquartered here, and it holds several Sunday afternoon programs a year, as well as an annual holiday open house in December. Color played a major role in the renovation, as the designers wanted to retain the quaint aesthetic of the house but also make it modern and fresh with the newly opened floor plan.
The new King Henry VIII married Catherine of Aragon on 11 June 1509; they were crowned at Westminster Abbey on 24 June the same year. Catherine was Henry's older brother's wife, making the path for their marriage a rocky one from the start. A papal dispensation had to be granted for Henry to be able to marry Catherine, and the negotiations took some time. Despite the fact that Henry's father died before he was married to Catherine, he was determined to marry her anyway and make sure that everyone knew he intended on being his own master.
When designers and homeowners Karan and Sapna Aggarwal of Bungalowe first decided to renovate a Tudor-style chateau in L.A.’s Eagle Rock neighborhood, they didn’t realize that finding the right builder would be the biggest challenge. Five contractors and two years later, they transformed the 1920s home from a 1,400-square-foot house into a 3,000-plus-square-foot hideaway with an impressive outdoor area and modern essentials such as a home office. Poor men and women wore homespun fabrics, while the nobility and royals wore heavy damasks and velvets, sometimes with ruffs or slashing (where clothes had been cut or slashed to reveal the lining beneath). Hardly any girls and usually only wealthy boys received a good education. Girls often stayed at home to cook and clean, or they were sent out to work.
Henry VIII’s desperate quest for a legitimate heir led to the Reformation; this was the end of the Catholic church’s authority in England with the first Act of Supremacy. Nevertheless, politics in Tudor history relied very heavily on the current monarch. With England being a predominantly agricultural country, land was power, and therefore most of the sovereign’s favorites were gifted with titles and accompanying land. However, noble titles came with political responsibilities, such as listening to tenants’ grievances, educational matters, ecclesiastical matters, and so on.
Mary was executed at Fotheringay Castle on 8 February 1587, to the outrage of Catholic Europe. Henry Tudor, the future Henry VII, spent his childhood at Raglan Castle, the home of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke, a leading Yorkist. Following the murder of Henry VI and death of his son, Edward, in 1471, Henry became the person upon whom the Lancastrian cause rested. Concerned for his young nephew's life, Jasper Tudor took Henry to Brittany for safety. Lady Margaret remained in England and remarried, living quietly while advancing the Lancastrian (and her son's) cause.
Exquisite Tudor property given by Henry VIII to Anne of Cleves is on the market for £2.25 million - Tatler
Exquisite Tudor property given by Henry VIII to Anne of Cleves is on the market for £2.25 million.
Posted: Wed, 14 Jun 2023 07:00:00 GMT [source]
By this marriage, Henry VII hoped to break the Auld Alliance between Scotland and France. The society that runs it certainly wants us to think so—haunted house tours and a popular interactive play capitalize on the 1929 scandal in which the owner of the mansion, oil heir Ned Doheny, died in a mysterious murder-suicide with his boyhood friend and employee. Doheny’s father was mired in the Teacup Dome Scandal at the time, and the deaths meant that he was excused from testifying; rumors also abounded that Ned, who was married with children, was trying to cover up a same-sex affair. Either way, a tour of this 55-room Tudor estate is a good way to get a glimpse into the lives of LA’s historical 1%—costly slate clads the façade and walkways, the windows are leaded glass and guests were entertained in the bowling alley and two movie theaters. When the home was finished in 1929, it cost a reported $3M, making it the most expensive private home in the city at the time.
No comments:
Post a Comment